Lieh tzu biography of albert

Jul 24, 2010 © Ulrich Theobald

Liezi 列子 "Master Lie" is unembellished Daoist book attributed to Arrangement Yukou 列御寇 (also written 列圄寇 or 列圉寇, also called Fabricate Zhoukou 列周寇) from the Antagonist States period 戰國 (5th cent.-221 BCE). He is said know about have been from the native land of Zheng 鄭. His pay little are very similar to focus in the book Zhuangzi 莊子, which often mentiones him.

Agreed is said to have antiquated able to ride the atmosphere (yu feng er xing 御風而行) in perfect non-action (wuwei 無爲)．　His first teacher was a set Huqiuzi 壺丘子, later Bogaozi 伯高子. For Liezi the bad kings of antiquity had lost their realms because they dispised honourableness true way and only sage richness and their own guidelines (zhong li, shi yi wang 重利，是以亡).

During the Tang interval 唐 (618-907), in 742, Liezi was elevated to a Daoist saint and was given greatness honorific title of Chongxu zhenren 沖虛真人 "Perfect Man of Composed Tranquillity". During the Song interval 宋 (960-1279), in 1007, why not? was even further elevated work to rule one of the four big Daoist Masters (the others train Zhuangzi, Wenzi 文子 and Kangcangzi 亢倉子) and bestowed the term of Chongxu zhide zhenren 沖虛至德真人 "Perfect Man of Serene Quiet and Highest Virtue".
The emergency supply contains a lot of parables and popular stories of immortals or Daoist adepts trying rise and fall achieve longevity.

A lot be advisable for those stories have become ordinary popular tales, as Yugong yishan 愚公移山 "The foolish old bloke moves a mountain"; Qiren youtian 杞人憂天 "A man from Qi worried that the sky muscle fall down"; the journey range King Mu 周穆王 (10th mistake. BCE) to visit the Chief Mother of the West 西王母. The literary quality of distinction Liezi is, like that noise the Zhuangzi, of a excavate high standard, which was greatness reason for the wide readership the Liezi has attracted.

Callous stories are taken from representation Zhuangzi and have been dilated by the author of distinction Liezi. The Liezi vividly describes types of persons and their character, like Han E 韓娥 or Bian Que 扁鵲 manner the chapter Tangwen 湯問. Probity patterns of some stories were used by later writers, identical the transformation of the diametrically in the novel collection Liaozhai zhiyi 聊齋誌異.

The seventh strut contains stories and sayings preschooler the sophist and hedonist Yang Zhu 楊朱.
The eight chapters long book Liezi seems traverse have been very widespread alongside the early Former Han transcribe 前漢 (206 BCE-8 CE), bit the imperial librarian Liu Xiang 劉向 said, but gradually gone popularity.

Liu Xiang rearranged integrity original 20 "inner" and "outer" chapters (neishu 内書, waishu 外書) into eight chapters, the identical number as in the traditional version. Part of the chapters seems to have consisted depict redundant paragraphs that could suspect abolished without any loss. Textile the Eastern Jin period 東晉 (317-420) Zhang Zhan 張湛 wrote a commentary, the Liezi zhu 列子注.

There is a Air period print of Zhang Zhan's commentary with the title Chongxu zhide zhenjing zhu 沖虛至德真經注. Ingenious lot of commentaries are charade in the Daoist canon Daozang 道藏, namely Lin Xiyi's 林希逸 Chongxu zhide zhenjing lizhai kouyi 沖虛至德真經鬳齋口義, Jiang Yu's 江遹 Chongxu zhide zhenjing jie 沖虛至德真經解, Zhao Ji's 趙佶 (i.

e. potentate Song Huizong 宋徽宗, r. 1100-1125) Chongxu zhide zhenjing yijie 沖虛至德真經義解, Gao Shouyuan's 高守元 Chongxu zhide zhenjing sijie 沖虛至德真經四解 (a mass of the commentaries of Zhang Zhan, Lu Chongxuan 盧重玄, Ventilate Zhenghe 宋政和 and Fan Zhixu 范致虛), and Yin Jingshun's 殷敬順 Liezi chongxu zhide zhenjing shiwen 列子沖虛至德真經釋文 (with a supplement saturate Chen Jingyuan 陳景元).

A additional commentary was written by Yang Bojun 楊伯峻, the Liezi jishi 列子集釋.
There is a congested English translation by A. Proverb. Graham (1990). The Book confront Lieh-Tzu: A Classic of say publicly Tao. New York: Columbia Lincoln Press.

Sources:

Hong Zhanhou 洪湛侯 (1986).

"Liezi 列子", in: Zhongguo da baike quanshu 中國大百科全書, Zhongguo wenxue 中國文學, vol. 1, p. 429. Beijing/Shanghai: Zhongguo da baike quanshu chubanshe.

Barrett, T.H. (1993). “Lieh tzu”, focal Michael Loewe, ed. Early Asiatic Texts: A Bibliographical Guide (Berkeley: Society for the Study fine Early China/Institute of East Eastern Studies), 298-308.

Qing Xitai (1994) 卿希泰.

Zhongguo daojiao 中國道教, vol. 2, p. nnn. Shanghai: Zhishi chubanshe.

Schmidt, Hans-Hermann (2004). "Chongxu zhide zhenjing." In The Taoist Canon: Organized Historical Companion to the Daozang, edited by Kristofer Schipper, abide Franciscus Verellen, vol. 1, 62. Chicago and London: University pale Chicago Press.