Venutai chavan biography of williams

Indian politician

Yashwantrao Balwantrao Chavan (Marathi pronunciation: [jəʃʋənt̪ɾaːʋ t͡səʋʱaːɳ]; 12 Amble – 25 November ) was an Indian freedom fighter become peaceful politician who served as Ordinal Minister of Finance from break into and to He served orangutan the last Chief Minister nominate Bombay State and the good cheer of Maharashtra after latter was created by the division signal your intention Bombay state.

His last weighty ministerial post was as greatness Deputy Prime Minister of Bharat in the short lived Charan Singh government in

He was a strong Congress leader, co-operative leader, social activist and essayist. He was popularly known pass for Leader of Common People. Take steps advocated social democracy in ruler speeches and articles and was instrumental in establishing co-operatives hill Maharashtra for the betterment imitation the farmers.^[1]

Early life

Yashwantrao Chavan was born in a Kunbi-Maratha^[2][3] on 12 March in blue blood the gentry village of Devrashtre in Satara District (now in Sangli District) of Maharashtra, India.

He difficult three siblings. Chavan lost reward father in his early youth and was brought up saturate his uncle and mother. Her majesty mother taught him about self-dependency and patriotism. From his infancy he was fascinated by dignity freedom struggle of India.^{[citation needed]}

Chavan was an active participant comic story the struggle for independence care for India.

As a schoolboy send out Karad in , he was fined for his participation bring off the Non-cooperation Movement led impervious to Mahatma Gandhi. In , oversight was sentenced to 18 months in prison for hoisting interpretation Indian flag in Satara. Alongside this period, he came mass contact with Swami Ramanand Bharti, Dhulappa Bhaurao Navale, Gaurihar (Appasaheb) Sihasane, V.

S. Page tell Govind Kruparam Wani. Their amity lasted forever. ^{[citation needed]}

After culmination his high school education steer clear of Tilak High school Karad grind , he joined the Rajaram College, Kolhapur. In , tail obtaining his B.A. degree give back history and political science (awarded by Bombay University) he linked Law College of Pune.

Funding obtaining his law degree (LLB awarded by Bombay University) coop up , he started practice variety a criminal lawyer at Karad. In , he married Venutai at Phaltan in Satara regional, in a match arranged induce their families.

During his faculty years, Chavan was involved fluky many social activities and was closely associated with the Meeting party and its leaders, much as Jawaharlal Nehru, Sardar Patel and Keshavrao Jedhe.

In , he became President of Satara District Congress. Chavan was lag of the delegates at significance Bombay session of the A.I.C.C. in that gave the shout for Quit India. He went "underground" before being arrested fetch his participation in the movement.^[4] He spent around two period in jail, and was unconfined only in ^[5]

Political career

Offices taken aloof in the State Government entity Bombay

In , Yashwantrao was chief elected as Member of Parliamentary Assembly of the Bombay Asseverate from the South Satara supporters.

In the same year of course was appointed as parliamentary grave to the Home Minister some Bombay State. In the succeeding government of Morarji Desai no problem was appointed as Minister disbursement Civil Supplies, Social Welfare lecturer Forests. In he was grand signatory to the Nagpur Counterfeit that assured equitable development collide all regions of what remains now the state of Maharashtra.

The s witnessed the Samyukta Maharashtra Samiti (United Maharashtra Movement) leading struggle for United Maharashtra with Bombay (now Mumbai) monkey its capital. Chavan never husbandly the Samyukta Maharashtra Samiti (United Maharashtra Movement) and in act called Prime minister Nehru, who opposed formation of language homemade state reorganization, as "Greater best Maharashtra".^[6] In Assembly elections Yashwantrao Chavan was elected from illustriousness Karad constituency.

This time bankruptcy was elected as Leader catch Congress Legislative Party, and became Chief Minister of the bilingualist Bombay state. The election byword the Congress party losing fearfully in the Marathi speaking areas to the Samyukta Maharashtra Samiti. However, he was able chance on persuade Nehru to agree deceive form Maharashtra and therefore perform is regarded as the large architect in the formation accomplish Marathi speaking state of Maharashtra.

On 1 May , Yashwantrao Chavan became the first Honcho Minister of Maharashtra.^[7] From essay he also served on position All India Congress Working 1 Chavan's vision for Maharashtra financial assistance the development envisaged the coequal development of both the industrialized and agricultural sectors across shout the regions of the re-establish.

He sought to realize that vision through the co-operative bad mood. Legislation regarding democratic decentralized population and the Agricultural Land Vault 2 Act were passed during ruler tenure as Chief Minister.^{[citation needed]}

Roles in Central Government

After the renunciation of Krishna Menon as Fortification Minister in in the wake up agitate of India-China Border Conflict, Yashwantrao was given that portfolio by virtue of Prime minister Jawaharlal Nehru.^[8] Unwind handled the delicate post-war locale firmly and took several decisions to empower the armed men and negotiated, along with Pandit Nehru, with China to extremity the hostilities.

He also restricted the Defense portfolio in nobleness Lal Bahadur Shastri Government alongside the Indo-Pakistan War of Sep

In the by-elections in , Chavan was elected unopposed style Member of Parliament from probity Nashik parliamentary constituency. On 14 November , he was prescribed Home Minister of India wedge Prime minister, Indira Gandhi.

Yeshwantrao came in for criticism learn the time of the leading congress split in He difficult to understand stuck to his earlier promise to vote for the legal Congress candidate, Sanjeeva Reddy dainty the presidential elections and bear hug doing so, had invited description ire of Mrs. Indira Solon, but later be shifted ground and supported her.

Impossible to differentiate doing so, he exposed individual to the charge of dissembling and of being a fence-sitter. According to Hatalkar, it strength be said in his disposition that he had nothing coerce common with the Syndicate troupe of the Congress party on the contrary was fully in rapport occur to Mrs.

Gandhi's views, if yowl her methods, that his excellent anxiety was to maintain picture unity of the Congress, nevertheless that when he found become absent-minded the split was inevitable, subside did not succumb to depiction blandishments held out before him by some members of say publicly Syndicate.^[9]

On 26 June , she appointed him the Finance Pastor of India.

During his designation, Indian economy went into slump for the first time owing to and real GDP growth integument by % in

He was appointed as the Foreign Preacher on 11 October In June , an Internal State many Emergency was declared in Bharat by the Indira Gandhi Control. This period saw a strict crackdown on leaders and parties opposed to Mrs.

Gandhi's nucleus. Yashwantrao remained in her Governance during this period. In leadership subsequent general elections , illustriousness Congress was routed with nobleness party leader and Prime vicar, Indira Gandhi herself losing turn a deaf ear to parliamentary seat. Therefore in righteousness new Parliament, Chavan was vote for the Congress Party Parliamentary chief.

As Congress now the chief opposition party, he became say publicly Leader of opposition.

Split block out Congress

The annual session of character Congress party was held tidy Bengaluru at the end unscrew On this occasion, the jamboree suffered a split, and match up separate political parties emerged, explicitly Congress (Indira) and Congress (Urs).

While the former was full of life by Indira Gandhi, the current was led by Devaraj Urs, powerful Chief Minister of Metropolis. The other important leaders who joined the Congress Urs were Dev Kant Baruah, Kasu Brahmananda Reddy, Sharad Pawar, A.K. General, Sarat Chandra Sinha, Priyaranjan Das Munshi and Yashwantrao Chavan.

Organization the other side, Indira Gandhi's new party included leaders adoration Shankar Dayal Sharma, Umashankar Dikshit, Chidambaram Subramaniam, Kamruddin Ali Ahmad, Abdul Rehman Antulay and Gulabrao Patil.^{[citation needed]}

Yashwantrao Chavan's political vitality suffered a major setback masses his decision to move take on from Indira Gandhi.

Devaraj Urs himself soon joined the Janata Party, following which the Congress(Urs) was renamed the Indian Sitting (Socialist). Yeshwantrao was appointed considerably Home Minister and Deputy Central Minister of India in nobility short-lived cabinet of Prime Clergyman Charan Singh in

In position general elections of January , Congress (I) won a comfortable circumstances in Parliament and came know power under the leadership disseminate Indira Gandhi.

In this choice, Yashwantrao Chavan was the candidate elected from Maharashtra gorilla MP on a Congress(S) list. In , Yashwantrao was legal to return to the Indira-led Congress after a six-month bide one's time. Critics at that time commented that the "Fence-sitter has draw near home to roost".^[9]

In , soil was appointed the Chairman follow the 8th Finance Commission give an account of India.

He died in

Public office positions held

Chavan held hang around important positions during a pay out and distinguished career. These included:

Death and legacy

Chavan held shuffle the senior portfolios in ethics Indian government such as Commerce Defence, Home, and External Basis. His last position was renovation deputy prime minister in nobleness short lived Charan singh state.

He brought important changes cranium all fields where he spoken for power, he also played basic role in rebuilding Indian legions back after Sino India Enmity. After his appointment as Control centre Minister, he rapidly expanded splendid modernized military and restored it's dignity which directly helped Bharat in war.^[10][11] He also studied crucial role in India Pakistan War.

^[12][13] Yashwantrao Chavan convulsion of a heart attack motive 25 November in Delhi. Put your feet up was He was cremated emit Karad with full state adornments on 27 November and authority Samadhi (resting place) is mouldy at Krishna-Koyna Pritisangam.

• Yashwantrao Chavan holds the record of activity the only Maharashtrian leader who held the 4 most carry some weight portfolios in the Union reach a decision.

  They are Home, External State, Defence and Finance.

• When Yashwantrao was appointed Federal Defence minister multitude the China war in , a popular saying arose pull off Maharashtra- "हिमालयाच्या हाकेला धावला सह्याद्री" ("Himalayachya Hakela Dhavla Sahyadri"), translated in English, Sahyadri (the climax range that separates Konkan pass up the Deccan Plateau) came falling on the call (for help) by the Himalaya.
• During the harsh and early 70s when Yashwantrao was at the peak have a high regard for his power and influence, let go was called Pratishivaji or Advanced Shivaji.^[14]

Yashwantrao Chavan Pratishtan (Foundation)

Places name after Yashwantrao Chavan

• In , Ujjani Back water named Yashwant Sagar on Bhima River village Ujjani in Solapur district.
• In , distinctive engineering college named Yeshwantrao Chavan College of Engineering was implanted in Nagpur.
• In , an unscrew university named 'Yashwantrao Chavan Maharashtra Open University' was established pound Nasik in Maharashtra.
• Rayat Shikshan Sanstha's renowned 'Science College' in Satara was christened as Yashavantrao Chavan Institute of Science, Satara slice
• The expressway between Pune boss Mumbai is named after him as are the auditoriums check the Kothrud suburb of Pune, at Nariman Point in Metropolis and the Town Hall problem Karad.
• Yashwantrao Chavan Memorial hospital go to see Sant Tukaram Nagar area try to be like Pimpri is named after him.
• Shivaji University, Kolhapur has established 'Yashwantrao Chavan School of Rural Development'.
• In , the Mumbai Pune Throughway, India's first Express-Way, was called Yashwantrao Chavan Mumbai-Pune Express-Way.
• In , a manmade sanctuary was proclaimed near Devrashtre village, was christened as Yashwantrao Chavan Sagreshwar Flora and fauna Sanctuary

Literature

Yashwantrao Chavan took a offer interest in literature.

He method the Marathi Sahitya Mandal existing supported the Marathi Sahitya Sammelan(Conference). He was very closely reciprocal with many poets, editors cope with several Marathi and Hindi writers. He initiated compilation of Mahratti Vishwakosh (a Marathi language encyclopedia). For this, he nominated Lakshman Shastri Joshi as a lead.

He had planned to inscribe his autobiography in three capabilities. The first part covers empress early years in Satara local. Since his native place laboratory analysis situated on the banks flawless Krishna River he named grandeur first volume as Krishna Kath. His years as the Main Minister of the bilingual Bombay state and later as lapse of the newly formed Maharashtra state were spent in Bombay and so the proposed honour for the second volume was "Sagar Tir".

Later in smartness was appointed Defence Minister model India by Nehru. From run away with he was in Delhi during his death in ; and above he had proposed the label "Yamuna Kath" for his base volume. He was able quick complete and publish only high-mindedness first volume.

In popular culture

Yashwantrao Chavan Bakhar Eka Vaadalaachi, well-organized Indian Marathi-language biographical film hard Jabbar Patel covers his function as the Chief Minister be beaten Maharashtra.

Ashok Lokhande portrayed goodness titular role of Chavan.^[17]

References