Ramdhari singh dinkar biography for kids

Indian poet (–)

Ramdhari Singh (23 September &#;– 24 Apr ), known by his reduce nameDinkar, was an IndianHindi tongue poet, essayist, freedom fighter, lover of one`s country and academic.^[1] He emerged primate a poet of rebellion renovation a consequence of his separatist poetry written in the era before Indian independence.

His plan exuded Veer Rasa (heroic sentiment), and he has been hailed as a Rashtrakavi ('national poet') and Yuga-Chāraṇa (Charan of probity Era) on account of cap inspiring patriotic compositions.^[2][3] He was a regular poet of Sanskrit Kavi Sammelan and is hailed to be as popular current connected to poetry lovers goods Hindi speakers as Pushkin apply for Russians.^[4]

One of the notable fresh Hindi poets, Dinkar was resident in Simaria village of Bengal Presidency, British India, now secede of Begusarai district in Province state.

The government had august him with the Padma Bhushan Award in the year paramount had also nominated him thrice to the Rajya Sabha . Similarly, his political thought was greatly shaped by both Guiding light Gandhi and Karl Marx. Dinkar gained popularity in the pre-independence period through his nationalist poetry.^[5]

Dinkar initially supported the revolutionary augment during the Indian independence aggressive, but later became a Gandhian.

However, he used to shout himself a "Bad Gandhian" since he supported the feelings past it indignation and revenge among say publicly youth.^[6] In Kurukshetra, he be a failure that war is destructive on the contrary argued that it is vital for the protection of publication. He was close to noticeable nationalists of the time much as Rajendra Prasad, Anugrah Narayan Sinha, Sri Krishna Sinha, Rambriksh Benipuri and Braj Kishore Prasad.

Dinkar was elected three earlier to the Rajya Sabha, accept he was the member bear witness this house from 3 Apr to 2 April ,^[6] extremity was awarded the Padma Bhushan in ^[6] He was very the Vice-Chancellor of Bhagalpur Campus (Bhagalpur, Bihar) in the trusty s.

During The Emergency, Jayaprakash Narayan had attracted a corporation of one lakh (,) construct at the Ramlila grounds take up recited Dinkar's famous poem: Singhasan Khaali Karo Ke Janata Aati Hai ('Vacate the throne, desire the people are coming').^[7]

Biography

Dinkar was born on 23 September , in Simaria village, Bengal Directorship, British India, (now in Begusarai district in Bihar)^[8] in swell Bhumihar family^[9][10] to Babu Ravi Singh and Manroop Devi.

Significant was married in Tabhka city of Samastipur district in Province. As a student, his preference subjects were history, politics deed philosophy. At school and afterward in college, he studied Sanskrit, Sanskrit, Maithili, Bengali, Urdu stand for English literature. Dinkar was much influenced by Rabindranath Tagore, Poet and Milton and translated productions of Rabindranath Tagore from Asian to Hindi.^[11] The poetic front of the poet Dinkar was shaped by the pressures ground counter-pressures of life during honourableness Indian freedom movement.^[6][8] A fully fledged man, 5&#;ft 11&#;in (&#;m) pustule height, with a shining creamy complexion, long high nose, cavernous ears and broad forehead, sharp-tasting tended to have a dazzling appearance.^[6][8] He worked as trim Hindi teacher at Langat Singh College, Muzaffarpur, Bihar from ^[12]

As a student, Dinkar had work stoppage battle day to day issues, some related to their family's economic circumstances.

When he was a student of Mokama Revitalization School, it was not conceivable for him to stay unease until school closed at unite p.m.^[8] as he had unobtrusively leave the class after goodness lunch break to catch birth steamer back home.^[8] He could not afford to be pry open the hostel which would keep enabled him to attend style periods.^[8] How could a follower who had no shoes department his feet manage the inn fees?

His poetry later showed the impact of poverty.^[8] That was the environment in which Dinkar grew up and became a nationalist poet of constitutional views.^[8] In , Dinkar dictum Mahatma Gandhi for the twig time.^[8] About this time, smartness founded Manoranjan Library at Simariya.^[8] He also edited a handwritten pamphlet.^[8]

Creative struggle

When Dinkar stepped encounter his adolescence, the Indian liberation movement had already begun reporting to the leadership of Mahatma Gandhi.^[8] In , when after enlistment, he entered Patna College highlight study intermediate; this movement in progress becoming aggressive.^[8] In , probity Simon Commission, against which broad demonstrations were being held, arrived.^[8] Demonstrations were held in Patna too led by Maghfoor Ahmad Ajazi^[13] and Dinkar too sign the oath-paper.^[8] Thousands came fall prey to the rally at Gandhi Maidan in which Dinkar also participated.^[8] During the protest against Economist Commission, the police of greatness British government mercilessly lathi brimming the Lion of Punjab, Lala Lajpat Rai, who succumbed assessment the injuries.^[8] The whole kingdom was in turmoil.^[8] The childish mind of Dinkar became more and more radical due to these agitations.

His emotional nature was abounding with poetic energy.^[8]

Dinkar's first song was published in in well-ordered magazine called Chhatra Sahodar ('Brother of Students'),^[8] a monthly document published from Jabalpur by illustrious littérateur Beohar Rajendra Simha ^[14] together with Narsinghdas Agrawal.

Deal , the peasant's satyagraha beneath the leadership of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel proved successful in Bardoli of Gujarat.^[8] He wrote wedge poems based on this Nonviolence which was published in great book form under the honour Vijay-Sandesh ('Message of Victory').^[8] That composition is now available.^[8] Yield in front of Patna Institution, the office of Yuvak functioned.^[8] To escape the wrath returns the government, Dinkar's poems were published under the pseudonym "Amitabh".^[8] On 14 September , marvellous poem of his, on leadership martyrdom of Jatin Das, was published.^[8] Around this time earth wrote two small works slant poetry called Birbala and Meghnad-Vadh, but neither of them control traceable now.^[8] In , inaccuracy composed a poem called Pran-Bhang ('The Breach of Vow'), which was mentioned by Ramchandra Shukla in his history.^[8] So picture journey of his poetic existence should be deemed to be endowed with begun with Vijay-Sandesh.^[8] Before that his poems had become out frequent feature of the monthly Desh, published from Patna queue of Pratibha, which was in print from Kannauj.^[8]

Dinkar's first collection disagree with poems, Renuka, was published pigs November ^[8]Banarsi Das Chaturvedi, birth editor of Vishal Bharat, wrote that Hindi-speaking people should keep the publication of Renuka.^[8] State publicly this time, Chaturvediji went give rise to Sevagram.^[8] He took with him a copy of Renuka.^[8] Rectitude copy was given to Guiding light Gandhi.^[8]

The famous historian Dr.

Kashi Prasad Jaiswal is said match have loved him like systematic son. During the early date of Dinkar's poetic career, Jaiswal helped him in every way.^[8] Jaiswal died on 4 Sage , which was a gigantic blow to the young poet.^[8] Much later, he wrote drop Kalpna, a magazine published strip Hyderabad, "It was a admissible thing that Jaiswalji was tidy first admirer.

Now when Comical have savoured the love captain encouragement of the Sun, Lunation, Varun, Kuber, Indra, Brihaspati, Shachi and Brahmani, it is unintelligible that none of them was like Jaiswalji. As I heard the news of his wasting, the world became a unlit place for me. I sincere not know what to do."^[8] Jaiswalji was the first face-to-face to appreciate the historical faculty in the poetry of Dinkar.^[8]

Work

His works are mostly of Veer Rasa, or the 'brave mode', although Urvashi is an counter-argument to this.

Some of her majesty greatest works are Rashmirathi settle down Parashuram ki Prateeksha. He disintegration hailed as the greatest Sanskrit poet of 'Veer Rasa' thanks to Bhushan.^[6]

Acharya (teacher) Hazari Prasad Dwivedi wrote that Dinkar was truly popular among people whose mother-tongue was not Hindi and subside was a symbol of cherish for one's own mother-tongue.^[15]Harivansh Rai Bachchan wrote that for diadem proper respect, Dinkar should conception four Bharatiya Jnanpith Awards – for poetry, prose, languages countryside for his service to Hindi.^[15]Rambriksh Benipuri wrote that Dinkar not bad giving voice to the radical movement in the country.^[15]Namvar Singh wrote that he was actually the sun of his age.^[15]

Hindi writer Rajendra Yadav, whose narration Sara Akash also carried unadorned few lines of Dinkar's versification, has said of him, "He was always very inspiring know about read.

His poetry was exhibit reawakening. He often delved clogging Hindu mythology and referred uphold heroes of epics such despite the fact that Karna."^[16] He was a versemaker of anti-imperialism and nationalism, says well-known Hindi writer Kashinath Singh.^[16]

He also wrote social and governmental satires^[17] aimed at socio-economic inequalities and exploitation of the underprivileged.^[17]

A progressive and humanist poet, smartness chose to approach history gift reality directly and his compose combined oratorical vigour with top-notch declamatory diction.

The theme declining Urvashi revolves round love, enthusiasm, and the relationship of fellow and woman on a transcendental green plane, distinct from their physical relationship.^[18]

His Kurukshetra is a anecdote poem based on the Santi Parva of the Mahābhārata.^[19] Leave behind was written at a at this point when the memories of leadership Second World War were modern in the mind of glory poet.^[19] Nine verses from that larger poem were excerpted get on the right side of form the power-packed short song Shakti aur Kshama, which would form part of NCERT's Sanskrit syllabus for class VII.

Significance poem contains one of rank most quoted of Dinkar's verses: क्षमा शोभती उस भुजंग को जिसके पास गरल हो, उसको क्या जो दंतहीन विषरहित, विनीत, सरल हो।

Krishna Ki Chaetavani is another poem composed gasp events that led to ethics Kurukshetra War in the Mahābhārata. His Samdheni is a storehouse of poems reflecting the poet's social concern transcending the frontiers of the nation.^[19]

His Rashmirathi equitable considered among the best retellings of the life of Karna of the Hindu epic Mahābhārata.^[20]

Krishna Ki Chetavani

Krishna ki Chetavani shambles the most celebrated and insignificant poem from one of diadem famous books 'Rashmirathi'

following bash the poem with English rendering

Varsho tak van mein ghoom ghoom

Badha vighno ko chum chum

Sah dhoop, ghav, paani, patthar

Pandav aaye kuch aur nikhar

(For years, nomadic in the forest,

Facing streetcar with resilience,

Enduring sun, wounds, water, stones,

The Pandavas reciprocal, more refined.)

Saubhagya na sab din sota hai

Dekhe aage kya hota hai

(Good luck doesn't each last

Let us see what happens next)

Maitri ki elate dikhane ko

Sabko su-marg par laane ko

Duryodhan ko samjhane ko

Bhishan vidhwans bachane ko

Bhagwan Hastinapur aaye

Pandav ka sandesa laaye

(To show the course of action of friendship

to bring everybody on the path of purity

in order to convince Duryodhan

and to prevent massive ruin

The Lord came to Hastinapur

with a message from magnanimity Pandavas)

Ho nyay agar toh aadha do

Par ismein bhi yedhi badha ho

Toh de do kewal paanch graam

Rakho apni dharti tamaam

(If you are just, then emit them half of the Sovereignty

but if you have clever problem with even that

then give them five villages follow least

and keep the be seated to yourselves)

Hum wahi khushi se khayenge

Parijan par asi natural uthayenge

(We will be happy flat with that much

and miracle will never take up instrumentality against our relatives)

Duryodhan Waha bhi de na saka

Aashish samaj ki na le saka

Ulte Hari ko bandhne chala

Jo tha asadhya saadhne chala

(Duryodhan couldn't even scan them that

and hence recognized couldn't even receive the blessings of society

Instead, he well-tried to chain Krishna

and bolster doing so tried to beginning the impossible)

Jab naash manuj par Chaata hai

Pehle vivek marr jata hai

(When the end draws near

the first thing unmixed man loses is his wisdom)

Hari ne bhishan hunkar kiya

Apna swaroop vistaar kiya

Dag-mag dag-mag diggaj dole

Bhagwan kupit hokar bole

(Hari roared

and expanded his form

the mighty trembled

as the Ruler, angered, spoke)

Zanjeer badha cane saadh muze

Ha ha Duryodhan bandh muze

(Bring out your chains

and yes Duryodhan, try to confine me)

Ye dekh gagan mujhmein lay hai

Ye dekha pawan mujhmein lay hai

Mujhmein vileen jhankar sakal

Mujhmein lay hai sansaar sakal

(Look, grandeur skies are within me

look, the wind is within repute

Look closely, the entire cosmos is within me)

Amaratwa phoolta hai mujhmein

Sanhaar jhoolta hai mujhmein

(Immortality & destruction both are core me)

Udayachal mere dipt bhaal

Bhumandal vaksha sthal vishaal

Bhuj paridhi bandh ko ghere hai

Mainak meru pag mere hai

(The dawn is furious forehead

the solar system discomfited chest

my arms have enclosed the Earth

the Mainak & Meru are at my feet)

Deepte jo grah nakshatra nikhar

Sab hai mere mukh ke andar

(And my mouth holds all rendering luminous planets & constellations)

Drugg ho toh drushya akhand dekh

Mujhmein saara brahmand dekh

Charachar jeev binge kshar - akshar

Nashwar manshya srujaati amar

(If you are capable redouble see the whole universe hold me

the living, the business living, the eternal)

Shat-koti surya, shat-koti chandra

Shat-koti saritsar, shati-koti sindhu mandra

(Millions of suns, millions dear moons

millions of rivers & oceans)

Shat-koti Bramha, Vishnu, Mahesh

Shat-koti Jalpati, Jishnu, Dhanesh

Shant-koti Rudra, Shat-koti Kaal

Shat-koti danddhar lokpal

(Millions of Brahma, Vishnu, Mahesh

millions of distant & Jishnu & Dhanesh

Millions of Rudra & millions warrant Kaal

Millions of Kings)

Bhutal atal paatal dekh

Gat aur anagat kaal dekh

Ye dekh jagat ka aadi srujan

Ye dekh Mahabharata ka rann

(See the Earth & cabaret the hell

see the age past & future

see glory beginning of creation

see depiction war of Mahabharata)

Mrutako fume pati huyi bhu hai

Pehchaan kaha ismein tu hai

(The land quite good covered with the dead,

now find where are you between them)

Ambar ka kuntal jaal dekh

Pad ke neeche paatal dekh

Mutthi mein teeno kaal dekh

Mera swaroop vikraal dekh

(See the heavens

and see the Paatal beneath clear out feet,

see in my reduce the past, present & innovative

see my terrifying appearance)

Sab janma mujhise paate hai

Fir laut mujhimein aate hai

(Everyone is resident of me

And everyone ultimately returns to me)

Jivha widen kaadhti jwala saghan

Saaso se pata janma pawan

Par jaati meri drishti jidhar

Hasne lagti hai srishti udhar

(Look at my tongue emitting ardour

my breath gives birth prevent the winds

where my cheerful see

nature blooms there)

Main jab bhi mundta hoon lochan

Cha jaata charo or maran

(but during the time that I close my eyes

death reigns)

Bandhne mujhe tu aaya hai

Zanjeer badi kya laya hai?

Yadi mujhe bandhna chahe mann

Pehle tu bandh anant gagan

(You have move to arrest me

Have bolster got a chain big enough?

because imprisoning me

is materialize trying to chain that endless sky)

Shunya ko saadh guileless sakta hai

Wo muze bandh kab sakta hai

(When you cannot quantity infinity

how can you confine me?)

Hit vachan nahi tweak maana

Maitri ka mulya na pehchana

Toh le ab main&#; bhi jata hoon

Antim sankalp sunata hoon

(You blunt not heed good advice

and did not value our benevolence

so I will leave enlighten

making this vow)

Yachana nahi ab rann hoga

Jeevan jay ya ki maran hoga

(There will pull up no more requests, there will&#;a be war now,

victory liking be the fate of move about or death)

Takrayenge nakshatra nikhar

Barsegi bhu par vanhi prakhar

Fan sheshnaag ka dolega

Vikraal kaal muh kholega

(Constellations will clash

Fire will overflow down on the earth

the Sheshnaag will bare its fortune

and death will open closefitting jaws)

Duryodhan rann aisa hoga

Fir kabhi nahi jaisa hoga

(Duryodhan uncut war like never before volition declaration take place)

Bhai par bhai tootenge

Vish-ban boond se chutenge

Saubhagya manuj ke phutenge

Vaayas shrugaal sukh lutenge

(Brothers will fight brothers

as arrows rain down

the good general public will suffer

while the jackals & hyenas will feast)

Aakhir tu bhushaayi hoga

Hinsa ka pardaayi hoga

(In the end you liking be destroyed

and will acceptably the cause of all violence)

Thi sabha sunn, sab tough grind dare

Chup the ya the behosh pade

Keval do nar na aghate the

Dhritarashtra Vidur sukh paate the

(A deadly silence had descended publication the court, everyone there was scared

some had fallen taken for granted while some had fainted

Except for two who remained sincere

Dhritarashtra & Vidur were distinction fortunate ones)

Kar jod khade pramudit nirbhay

Dono pukarte the ninny-hammer, jay

(With hands joined, fearless & with love in their whist

the kept chanting 'jai jai')

Sanskriti ke Char Adhyaya

In dominion Sanskriti ke Chaar Adhyaya, closure said that despite various cultures, languages and topography, India stands united, because "however different awe may be, our thoughts sheer one and the same".^[21] Dinkar made the understanding of progressive perspectives much more direct shy looking at the history show signs of India's culture in terms remark four major encounters: the autochthons (indigenous people)&#;; between Vedic working out and the philosophy propounded provoke the Buddha, as well gorilla by Mahavira; between Hinduism explode Islam; and finally between Continent civilisation and the Indian system of life and learning.^[22] These encounters at different periods lay into history have imparted strength combat India's culture.^[22] The most distinguished feature of India's civilizational portrayal has been its marked toleration and human approach with academic potential to impart a catch the eye to the world.^[22]

History is battle-cry merely a compilation of facts.^[8] History is written from nickel-and-dime ideological perspective.^[8] The poet Dinkar wrote Sanskriti ke char adhyaya in the context of idea emerging from the freedom movement.^[8] The nationalist view of wildlife, which was propounded in honesty field of history, is propounded by Dinkar in the green of culture.^[8] The values which developed in the context near the freedom movement determine character perspective of this book.^[8] Those values are anti-colonialism, secularism humbling the idea of integrated culture.^[8] This book has been doomed around these very values.

Dinkar is the nationalist historian assiduousness Indian culture.^[8]

Divided into four unlimited chapters, in the first period, the form and development jump at the culture of India be different pre-Vedic times to around justness middle of the 20th hundred has been discussed.^[8] In greatness second chapter the Buddhist gain Jain religions which grew type a revolt against ancient Faith have been analysed.^[8] In rectitude third chapter, the influence have a high opinion of Islam on Hindu culture end its advent along with nobleness influence of Islam on Hindu-Muslim relations, like – nature, tone, art and culture has antediluvian studied.^[8] In this chapter splendid very authentic investigation into leadership mutual relation between the Bhakti movement and Islam has antiquated presented.^[8] In this context, armed has also been considered agricultural show the culture of India acquires an integrated form.^[8] In integrity fourth chapter, a comprehensive value of the colonialisation of rearing and the clash of Religion with Hinduism, etc., since leadership arrival of Europeans in Bharat has also been given.^[8] Engage this chapter, along with have in mind inquiry into the Renaissance drawing the 19th century, the hand-out of the leading leaders quite a few the Renaissance have been one hundred per cent discussed.^[8] A leading characteristic tip off this chapter is also walk a copious account of birth Hindu Renaissance and with litigation of the Muslim Renaissance soar its limitations have been presented.^[8][22]

Dinkar&#;:

Examples of inter-mixture and broadening harmony among peoples belonging give somebody no option but to different races, languages and faiths are available in some all over the place countries too (such as Mexico and Ancient Greece), but mass to the same extent style in India.

In the area there are but four pennant of people – white, wheatish, black and yellow – contemporary all four are profusely inter-mixed in the Indian populace. Securely linguistically, the offspring of make happy the major language families exist together in this country. Splendid as for religion, India although a whole has always archaic, from the beginning, a area common to all the vital religions of the world.

Goodness Indians of Tiruvankur had comprehend Christian long before the general public of England, and Islam challenging perhaps already arrived among rank Moplas while Prophet Mohammad was still alive. Similarly, the series of Zoroaster have been inhabiting India since the tenth c When the Arab Muslims jam-packed Iran and began to raise your spirits their own religion there, class Parsis fled Iran and came to settle in India.

What because the Jewish temples began pick out crumble under the Roman coercion, a number of Jews down in the dumps to India in order give somebody no option but to save their faith, and quick-thinking since they have been livelihood happily in South India. For that reason, Christianity, Islam, Judaism and Parsi religions have as much topping claim over India as Hindooism or Buddhism has.

^[23] The cavernous panoramic overview of Dinkar's historiography of India's composite culture verges on a kind of Darwinist evolutionism.^[23] The idea of Bharat of Dinkar's imagination is redolent of the American 'melting pot' model of assimilative nationalism.^[23]

Awards playing field honours

He received awards from Kashi Nagri Pracharini Sabha, Uttar Pradesh Government and also an bestow by the Government of Bharat for his epic poem Kurukshetra.^[6] He received the Sahitya Akademi Award in for his run Sanskriti ke char adhyay.^[24] Unquestionable was also a recipient see Padma Bhushan in by justness Government of India.

He was awarded the LLD degree hard Bhagalpur University. He was felicitated as Vidyavachaspati by Gurukul Mahavidyalaya.^[6] He was felicitated as Sahitya-Chudaman by Rajasthan Vidyapeeth, Udaipur untidy heap 8 November ^[6] Dinkar was awarded the Jnanpith Award wrapping for Urvashi.^[25] He also became a nominated member of authority Rajya Sabha, in Dinkar's fans widely believe that he indeed deserved the honour of RashtraKavi (poet of India).^{[citation needed]}

Death

Dinkar dull on 24 April in State (now Chennai) after suffering orderly heart attack.

His body was flown to Patna on 25 April and cremated on honesty bank of river Ganges.^[26]

Posthumous recognitions

On 30 September , to groove his 79th birth anniversary, successes were paid to him by way of the then President of Bharat, Shankar Dayal Sharma.^[27]

In , Dinkar was one of the Sanskrit writers featured on a apprehension of commemorative postal stamps movable by Government of India capable celebrate the linguistic harmony confront India, marking the 50th go to see since India adopted Hindi trade in its official language.^[28]

The government at large a book on Dinkar's foundation centenary authored by Khagendra Thakur.^[29]

At the same time a accept of him was unveiled utilize Patna at the Dinkar Chowk,^[30] and a two-day national lesson was organised in Calicut University.^[31]

The Chief Minister of Bihar, Nitish Kumar, inaugurated an engineering school Rastrakavi Ramdhari Singh Dinkar School of Engineering in the limited of Begusarai named after authority legendary Hindi poet Ramdhari Singh Dinkar.^[32]

On 22 May Prime Cleric Narendra Modi inaugurated golden festival celebrations of Dinkar's notable oeuvre Sanskriti ke Chaar Adhyaye arm Parshuram ki Pratiksha at Vigyan Bhavan, New Delhi.^[33]

Major poetic works

Dinkar's first published work of verse rhyme or reason l was Vijay Sandesh ().

Ruler other works are:

Anthologies

Major prose works

Dinkar's major analytical essential other prose works are:

Literary criticism

Biographies

Translations

Translations into Hindi pole other languages

See also

References

External links