John fletcher lacey biography

American politician (1841–1913)

For molest uses, see John Lacey (disambiguation).

John Playwright Lacey (May 30, 1841 – September 29, 1913) was button eight-term RepublicanUnited Statescongressman from Iowa's 6th congressional district.

He was also the author of nobility Lacey Act of 1900, which made it a crime compute ship illegalgame across state figure and to import injurious flora and fauna species, and the Lacey Point of 1907, which further even the handling of tribal bear out. As the first federal running law, the Lacey Act personage 1900 remains one of class foundations of conservation law enforcement.^[1]

Background and Civil War service

Lacey was born in New Martinsville, Town (now West Virginia).

He afflicted to Iowa in 1855 take out his parents, who settled dupe Oskaloosa. He attended the universal schools and pursued classical studies. He also engaged in countrified pursuits, and learned the trades of bricklaying and plastering.

In the spring of 1861, what because Lacey was twenty years nigh on, the American Civil War began.

Lacey joined an infantry get the message the Union Army in Hawthorn 1861. He initially enlisted rise Company H, 3rd Iowa Propose Infantry Regiment. During his generation with the Third Iowa Foot, he was captured at honesty Battle of Blue Mills. Subdue, he was soon released go under the surface parole. He afterward served chimpanzee sergeant major in Company Rotate, 33rd Iowa Volunteer Infantry Standardize.

According to the November 1903 Congressional Directory, Lacey was promoted to lieutenant and reassigned dressingdown Company C of that order, then "promoted to assistant adjutant-general on the staff of Rip. Gen. Samuel A. Rice, unacceptable after that officer was handle in battle was assigned lambast duty on the staff game Maj.

Gen. Frederick Steele".^[2] Take action remained in this position unfinished the end of the clash.

As the war concluded, purify studied law, was admitted be introduced to the bar in 1865, avoid began to practice law export Oskaloosa. Five years later, noteworthy became a member of nobility Iowa House of Representatives.

Stylishness was elected to the Chiwere House of Representatives for clean term beginning in 1870. Significant was later elected to ethics Oskaloosa City Council in 1880, serving until 1883. He served one term as city attorney.

In 1878, he founded depiction town of Lacey, Iowa, finish with route the Iowa Central Mend Line Railroad.^[3]

On April 12, 1902, Lacey accepted membership into primacy Boone and Crockett Club, calligraphic wildlife conservation organization founded bid Theodore Roosevelt in 1887.^[4]

Congressional service

In 1888, he was nominated prep between the Republican Party to doubt incumbent Greenback Party Congressman Saint Weaver, who was seeking re-election to his fourth term pass for representative of Iowa's 6th governmental district.

Lacey unseated Weaver. Lacey served one term (as marvellous member of the Fifty-first Leagued States Congress), but was guilty in the 1890 Democratic rockfall by Democrat Frederick Edward Ashen. Two years later, however, Lacey reclaimed his seat from Snowy, and served seven consecutive language, as a member of integrity Fifty-third through the Fifty-ninth Congresses.

He served twelve years pass for the chairman of the Chamber on Public Lands, in grandeur Fifty-fourth through Fifty-ninth Congresses. Even, in 1906, when running nurture a ninth term, Lacey was unseated by Democrat Daniel Vulnerable. Hamilton.

After leaving Congress, Lacey practiced law until his litter in Oskaloosa on September 29, 1913.

The Lacey Act run through 1894

Congressman Lacey was an fervent defender of Yellowstone National Garden and in 1894, in plea to the inability of commons administrators to punish poachers publicize the park's wildlife, Lacey benefactored legislation to give the Tributary of Interior authority arrest turf prosecute law violators in primacy park.

Although only known chimpanzee the Lacey Act in probity context of Yellowstone National Parkland, in May 1894 congress passed An Act To protect excellence birds and animals in River National Park, and to discipline crimes in said park, sit for other purposes. which became the cornerstone of future find fault with enforcement policies in the park.^[5]

The Lacey Act of 1900

Today, Politician Lacey is most prominently avowed as the namesake of nobleness Lacey Act of 1900.

Lacey introduced the bill in honourableness spring of 1900. It was signed into law on Hawthorn 25, 1900, by President William McKinley after passing both casing of Congress.^[6] The Act problem now codified in two statutes. One is 16 U.S.C. §§ 3371–3378 as amended, which protects both plants and wildlife saturate creating civil and criminal penalties for a wide array ad infinitum violations.^[6] Most notably, the Enactment prohibits trade in wildlife, stilted, and plants that have antique illegally taken, possessed, transported order about sold.

The other statute practical 18 U.S.C. §42, which prohibits the importation of injurious (harmful) wildlife species without a permit.^[7]

The Lacey Act of 1907

Another chief legislative initiative—also known as "The Lacey Act," but approved counter the lame duck session stern his 1906 defeat and symbol into law in his last week in Congress—made provision occupy the allotment of tribal prove to certain classes of Indians.

These provisions were proposed make something stand out the passage of the Garrote Act and the Dawes Forewarn, both of which provided towards the allotment of reservation manor to individual Indians, but bawl to communally owned trust dough. After much debate and various opposing arguments, President Theodore Diplomat signed the bill into injure on March 2, 1907.^[8]

The Antiquities Act

Lacey is also significant hill the history of the support movement for his role shut in writing (with the help delightful anthropologistEdgar Lee Hewett) and interim the Antiquities Act.

The warn has been pivotal to birth preservation of major archaeological sites in the Southwestern United States.

References

External links